Pruning – Here’s why it’s worth your time.

Benefits of Pruning

For the gardener, the new growth that results from pruning can result in any of the following things, depending on the kind of plant:

• More flowers. Instead of just the terminal bud producing flowers, all of the lower buds will flower as well, multiplying the effect substantially.  This is especially true for plants that flower later in the season.
• Rebloom. Reblooming plants like Bloomerang^® Lilac and Bloom-A-Thon^® Azaleas flower more the second time around based on how much new growth they put on after their first bloom. A light trim after they’ve finished their spring bloom means a better show come summer! Photo: Bloomerang Lilac
• Better leaf color. Many plants with variegated or colorful foliage, like 'Summer Skies' Butterfly Bush or My Monet^® ‘Sunset’ Weigela, display their best color and pattern on young growth. Pruning keeps their foliage vivid and showy.
• Brighter stem color. Plants with attractive stems, like Arctic Fire^™ and Arctic Sun^™ Dogwood, display their brightest coloration when they are younger than three years old. Pruning out older stems encourages the fresh new growth that makes these plants so popular in our gardens, especially in winter. Photo: Arctic Fire Dogwood

The Practical Side of Pruning

In addition to getting better flower and foliage color on your shrubs by pruning, there are some practical reasons you may need to do some pruning including:

• To neaten the plant’s appearance. Some plants which bloom on new wood like ‘Limelight’ Hydrangea and Incrediball^® Hydrangea hold last year’s flowers on their stems through the winter. These old flowers can be cut off in spring to keep the new growth and the current season’s flowers looking crisp and clean. 
• To control the plant’s height and/or spread. A plant that is really too large for its space may need to be pruned into a more manageable size. Some plants, like Sunshine Blue^® Caryopteris and Black Lace^™ Elderberry, are capable of growing rather large, but you may want to use them in a flower bed or a smaller landscape. That will require some pruning to keep them tight and compact. Photo: Black Lace Elderberry
• To rejuvenate an old or overgrown shrub. If you’ve got a very large, old multi-stemmed shrub like Show Off^® Forsythia on your property, you can give it a new lease on life by cutting it back to short stubs in spring.
• To remove dead, diseased, or damaged wood. Sometimes branches of shrubs die from weather or old age, or are damaged from animal browsing. Pruning is the best way to correct these issues.

There are many good reasons to prune shrubs but it’s important to know that pruning is not strictly necessary. No plant dies from a lack of pruning, but plenty die from being pruned improperly.

There are plenty of reasons not to prune shrubs too. For example, if you are happy with a shrub’s size, looks, and performance, there is no need to prune it. If it is a dwarf variety, like Lo & Behold^® Butterfly Bush or Show Off^™ Sugar Baby Forsythia, it will require little to no regular pruning.

You should never prune without a reason. Every other pruning decision you’ll make, like when to prune and how much, will come back to the reason you’ve decided to prune in the first place. If you start with a good reason, you will always know what pruning needs to be done next.  

See P. Allen Smith’s take on pruning in this fun and informative video.